Riferimento dei metodi¶

Ogni metodo è disponibile con lo stesso identificativo e gli stessi input da Python (fm.run), dalla CLI (fairmark run), via MCP e function calling (nome del tool fairmark_<id con underscore>). I decimali si passano come numeri JSON o stringhe e sono restituiti come stringhe. Le descrizioni dei campi provengono dal codice sorgente e sono in inglese.

dates.year_fraction¶

Year fraction (day count) · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_dates_year_fraction

Fraction of a year between two dates under an ISDA 2006 day-count convention: Actual/365 Fixed, Actual/360, Actual/Actual ISDA, 30/360, 30E/360.

rates.convert¶

Rate conversion between compounding conventions · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_rates_convert

Equivalent annual rate under another compounding (annual, semi-annual, quarterly, monthly, continuous).

rates.real_nominal¶

Real and nominal rates (Fisher) · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_rates_real_nominal

Converts a nominal rate to a real rate, or the reverse, with the exact Fisher relation.

tvm.npv¶

Net present value · versione del metodo 2 · tool fairmark_tvm_npv

Net present value of a cash flow series; the first flow is at t = 0.

tvm.present_value¶

Present value with a constant or time-varying rate · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_tvm_present_value

Present value of periodic flows for periods 1..n with one rate or one rate per period, at end, mid or beginning of period. Returns every discount factor.

tvm.xnpv¶

Net present value of dated cash flows (XNPV) · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_tvm_xnpv

Present value of dated flows at a valuation date, with explicit day count and compounding (defaults as in ECMA-376 XNPV).

tvm.irr¶

Internal rate of return · versione del metodo 2 · tool fairmark_tvm_irr

Rate at which the NPV of a periodic cash flow series is zero, solved deterministically; refuses inputs with more than one IRR.

tvm.xirr¶

Internal rate of return of dated cash flows (XIRR) · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_tvm_xirr

Annual rate at which the XNPV of dated flows is zero, solved deterministically; refuses inputs with more than one rate.

tvm.mirr¶

Modified internal rate of return (MIRR) · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_tvm_mirr

Rate of return with negative flows financed at a finance rate and positive flows reinvested at a reinvestment rate (ECMA-376 MIRR).

tvm.annuity¶

Annuity (level or growing, ordinary or due) · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_tvm_annuity

Present and future value of a finite series of level or growing payments.

tvm.perpetuity¶

Perpetuity (level or growing) · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_tvm_perpetuity

Present value of a level or growing perpetuity (Gordon), ordinary or due.

tvm.future_value¶

Future value of a present amount and level payments · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_tvm_future_value

Value at the end of n periods of a present amount and a level series of payments, ordinary or due, at a rate per period.

loans.instalment¶

Loan instalment (constant instalment, optional balloon) · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_loans_instalment

Constant instalment of a loan from its principal, rate, number of instalments and timing, with an optional balloon amount and an explicit rounding.

loans.number_of_instalments¶

Number of instalments of a loan · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_loans_number_of_instalments

Number of instalments needed to repay a loan with a given instalment, the exact number of periods and the final instalment.

loans.amortisation_schedule¶

Amortisation schedule (French, constant principal, bullet) · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_loans_amortisation_schedule

Period-by-period schedule of a loan with instalment, interest portion, principal portion and outstanding balance; French, fixed amortisation schedule or bullet, with an optional grace period, balloon amount and rounding.

coc.cost_of_equity¶

Cost of equity (CAPM with explicit premia) · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_coc_cost_of_equity

Cost of equity from risk-free rate, levered or relevered beta and equity risk premium, plus optional country, size and specific premia, each reported.

coc.beta_relever¶

Beta unlevering and relevering · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_coc_beta_relever

Converts an unlevered beta to a levered beta at a target D/E, or the reverse, with the Hamada or Harris-Pringle formula and an optional debt beta.

coc.beta_peers¶

Beta from comparable companies · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_coc_beta_peers

Unlevers the betas of comparable companies, takes the mean or median and relevers it to the target capital structure.

coc.cost_of_debt¶

Cost of debt · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_coc_cost_of_debt

Pre-tax cost of debt, given or as risk-free rate plus credit spread, and the after-tax cost of debt.

coc.wacc¶

Weighted average cost of capital (WACC) · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_coc_wacc

WACC from cost of equity, cost of debt, tax rate and target weights (D/E or D/(D+E)).

tv.gordon¶

Terminal value, stable growth (Gordon) · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_tv_gordon

Terminal value at the horizon N of a flow growing at g forever, CF_{N+1} / (r − g), from the next flow or the last flow grown by g; not discounted.

tv.value_driver¶

Terminal value, value driver (growth from reinvestment) · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_tv_value_driver

Terminal value at the horizon N with growth earned by reinvesting g / RONIC of NOPAT: NOPAT_{N+1} × (1 − g / RONIC) / (r − g); reports the reinvestment rate and whether growth creates value.

tv.h_model¶

Terminal value, H-model (declining growth) · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_tv_h_model

Terminal value at the horizon N when growth declines linearly from g_s to g_l over 2H periods: CF_N × [(1 + g_l) + H × (g_s − g_l)] / (r − g_l), an approximation.

tv.exit_multiple¶

Terminal value, exit multiple · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_tv_exit_multiple

Terminal value at the horizon N as a multiple of EBITDA, EBIT, revenue (enterprise basis), earnings or book value of equity (equity basis); with a rate and the next flow, reports the implied perpetual growth.

tv.limited_horizon¶

Terminal value, finite horizon · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_tv_limited_horizon

Terminal value at the horizon N of a flow lasting n more periods, constant or growing, plus a residual value at N + n (Italian practice); reuses the annuity factor of tvm.annuity.

tv.normalised_income¶

Terminal value, capitalised normalised income · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_tv_normalised_income

Terminal value at the horizon N as a normalised income capitalised at a rate i, R / i, or R / (i − g) with growth (Italian practice).

tv.liquidation¶

Terminal value, liquidation · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_tv_liquidation

Net liquidation value at the horizon N: realisable values of labelled assets less labelled liabilities, liquidation costs and the tax on gains, every line in explain.

tv.compare¶

Terminal value, comparison of techniques · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_tv_compare

Runs several terminal value techniques on one rate, growth cap and basis and returns each terminal value at the horizon N with its implied assumptions, side by side.

dcf.fcff¶

DCF — unlevered free cash flow · versione del metodo 3 · tool fairmark_dcf_fcff

Value of operations, enterprise value and equity value from FCFF discounted at the WACC over one to three explicit stages (given flows, constant growth, linear decline of growth) and a terminal value. Returns every period and step for audit.

ratios.profitability¶

Ratios — profitability · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_ratios_profitability

ROE, ROI, ROA, ROS, EBITDA and EBIT margins, capital turnover and the ROE decomposition in three factors and in the leverage form, on closing or average balances. A ratio that cannot be computed is reported as not defined with the reason.

ratios.capital_structure¶

Ratios — capital structure · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_ratios_capital_structure

Debt to equity, net financial position to equity, equity ratio, primary and secondary structure margins and fixed-asset coverage, with the net financial position and its composition stated. A ratio that cannot be computed is reported as not defined with the reason.

ratios.liquidity¶

Ratios — liquidity · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_ratios_liquidity

Current, quick and cash ratios, net working capital and treasury margin, on closing or average balances. A ratio that cannot be computed is reported as not defined with the reason.

ratios.working_capital¶

Ratios — working capital · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_ratios_working_capital

Days sales outstanding, days inventory outstanding, days payable outstanding and the cash conversion cycle, on closing or average balances and a 360 or 365-day basis. A ratio that cannot be computed is reported as not defined with the reason.

ratios.debt_service¶

Ratios — debt service · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_ratios_debt_service

Interest cover on EBIT and EBITDA, net financial position to EBITDA, DSCR per period and LLCR on a loan schedule with an explicit discount rate. A ratio that cannot be computed is reported as not defined with the reason.

ratios.covenants¶

Ratios — covenants · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_ratios_covenants

Tests financial covenants on the numerator and denominator defined by the loan agreement, against a threshold with an explicit operator (at most, less than, at least, greater than) at a test date. The agreement's own rules are explicit inputs: the outcome when the denominator is zero or negative, and the rounding of the tested value. Returns for each covenant the outcome (passed, breached, or not tested with a code and the reason), decided exactly, the tested value and the headroom, absolute and relative to the threshold.

analysis.goal_seek¶

Goal seek · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_analysis_goal_seek

Value of one decimal input of any method at which one of its outputs equals a target, found with Brent's method in an explicit bracket; every evaluation is reported.

analysis.sensitivity¶

Sensitivity table · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_analysis_sensitivity

One output of any method across a one-way or two-way table of input values, with the base case; a combination the method refuses is recorded in its cell.

analysis.scenarios¶

Scenario analysis · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_analysis_scenarios

Outputs of any method under named sets of input changes, with deltas and relative deltas against the base case; a scenario the method refuses is recorded.

analysis.tornado¶

Tornado · versione del metodo 1 · tool fairmark_analysis_tornado

Which inputs move one output of any method the most: each input varied alone between explicit low and high values, ranked by the absolute swing of the output.